2D machining operations use a 2D profile as an input. Pocketing and 2D Contouring are the primary examples. During toolpath setup, you will select edges of the model to serve as profiles.
2D Toolpaths
Pocketing
Pocketing removes material from pockets in the model, bounded by walls of the object. A series of edges are selected at the bottom of the pocket that represent the boundary.
Contour
Like a Cutout toolpath but with more granular control over which areas will be machined. Can go on internal or external edges. A series of edges are selected to define the desired contour.